Holding patterns are a core IFR skill that often confuses pilots. Jason Schappert of MzeroA Online Ground School breaks down holding patterns step-by-step, making them easier to understand and execute for checkride success. This guide covers entries, visual cues, and real-world application to help pilots stay safe and precise in the air.
Holding Patterns Facts Every Pilot Should Know
ATC usually doesn’t care how you enter a hold, but your checkride evaluator and instructor do. Right turns are standard in holding patterns, and pilots must know the difference between time and distance holds. Time starts over or abeam the fix, which affects the inbound and outbound legs. Understanding these foundational facts sets the stage for proper execution. For more FAA guidance on holding procedures, see this FAA resource.
The Three Types of Holding Pattern Entries
There are three entries: direct, parallel, and teardrop. Direct entry is used when approaching the holding fix from a favorable direction. Parallel entry involves flying past the fix, turning outbound opposite the hold, then returning to complete the pattern. Teardrop entry requires flying past the fix at a 30-degree angle, then turning inbound. Staying on the protected side of the hold is critical, regardless of entry type.
Step-By-Step Approach Using the Heading Indicator for Holding Patterns
Jason teaches pilots to drop the holding fix on the heading indicator to visualize the racetrack pattern. By drawing a line from the radial to the VOR, pilots can determine the correct entry type while maintaining situational awareness. Using visual references in the flight deck—whether on steam gauges or glass panels—simplifies positioning and ensures proper alignment for the hold.
Visualizing Direct, Parallel, and Teardrop Entries
Practical examples help pilots understand when to use each entry. For instance, approaching from the green area in Jason’s demonstration calls for a direct entry, while other sectors may require parallel or teardrop. Practicing this visualization helps pilots quickly determine the safest, most efficient way to enter any hold during both checkrides and real-world IFR operations.
Tips for Real-World Holding Patterns Applications
Holding patterns aren’t just for checkrides—they’re used in daily IFR flying. Jason emphasizes using outside visual references, keeping track of inbound/outbound legs, and maintaining situational awareness. Pilots should also practice using all available flight deck resources, including autopilot and trim, while staying ready to hand-fly when necessary.
Understanding Holding Patterns
By understanding holding pattern facts, mastering the three entry types, and visualizing the pattern using the heading indicator, pilots can confidently fly any hold. Jason’s step-by-step approach simplifies a traditionally complex maneuver, helping students succeed in checkrides and stay safe in real-world IFR operations.
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