Crew resource management defines how pilots use people, tools, and information to operate safely. In Safer Pilot Challenge Day 12, Jason Schappert explains how CRM applies when flying with another pilot and how those same principles adapt when flying solo.
Defining Roles in a Two-Person Crew
Crew resource management starts with clear leadership. One pilot must serve as pilot in command. Shared authority creates confusion during high-workload moments. Before departure, crews should define responsibilities for flying, communication, and programming. Clear task division improves efficiency and reduces errors. Assertive leadership encourages participation without intimidation. Effective crews speak up early and listen actively.
Communication and Mutual Monitoring
CRM relies on continuous communication. The monitoring pilot plays an active role by watching trends, confirming checklist items, and identifying threats. Call-and-response techniques keep both pilots engaged. Shared awareness improves decision quality and prevents overlooked details. Passengers, ATC, and onboard tools also contribute valuable information when pilots remain receptive.
Single Pilot Resource Management
Crew resource management principles still apply when flying alone. Single pilot resource management uses structured self-evaluation to manage workload. The FAA’s 5P model supports this process: Plan, Plane, Pilot, Passengers, and Programming. Pilots reassess these elements throughout the flight. Fatigue, distractions, and automation mismanagement increase risk when left unchecked.
Staying Ahead of the Aircraft
Strong CRM and SRM require anticipation. Pilots who stay ahead of programming, navigation, and communication maintain control during changes. Fatigue management, realistic planning, and conservative decisions reduce pressure. These habits support safer outcomes during both routine and abnormal situations. FAA guidance on CRM principles appears in Advisory Circular 120-51E.
Building Safer Decision-Making Habits
Crew resource management strengthens judgment through structure and teamwork. Whether flying with others or alone, pilots improve safety by using every available resource. Consistent practice builds confidence and resilience in the flight deck.
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