Navigating as an instrument pilot requires a strong foundation in traditional navigation methods, and VORs remain a core skill. Even in the era of GPS and advanced avionics, understanding how to use VORs is crucial for safety and versatility in flight.
What is a VOR?
VOR stands for VHF Omnidirectional Range, operating between 108.0 and 117.95 MHz. Essentially, it’s a ground-based radio navigation system that allows pilots to determine their position and stay on course. While many pilots today rely heavily on GPS, VORs are still part of the FAA’s Minimum Operational Network (MON) to ensure backup navigation in case of GPS outages or jamming.
Why VORs Are Still Important
Even though technology is advancing rapidly, VORs remain essential for:
- Backup navigation: GPS signals can be disrupted or jammed.
- Instrument training: VOR navigation develops fundamental pilot skills.
- Airspace compliance: Some instrument approaches still rely on VORs.
How VORs Work
VORs transmit radials, which are essentially directional lines radiating from the station. By turning the aircraft’s VOR receiver to a station and identifying it with the Morse code identifier, pilots can navigate accurately between points. Common VOR skills include:
- Intercepting and tracking radials
- Reverse and tacking radials
- Performing VOR holds
- VOR-to-VOR navigation
The Future of VORs
The FAA is gradually phasing out some VOR stations in favor of GPS-based Performance-Based Navigation (PBN). However, VORs in the MON will remain functional to maintain a safe and reliable backup system. Pilots should continue to practice and strengthen their VOR skills, as they may prove critical in certain flight conditions.
Tips for Instrument Pilots
- Always identify your VOR correctly – Morse code verification is essential to avoid errors.
- Understand reverse sensing – Know how to correct when the aircraft interprets the radial backward.
- Practice VOR holds and approaches – These maneuvers strengthen your situational awareness.
- Use VORs as a GPS backup – Never underestimate the importance of traditional navigation skills.
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