A visual observer (VO) is a critical member of a drone operation crew who assists the Remote Pilot in Command (RPIC) by providing an additional set of eyes during flight. Their role is to scan the airspace for potential hazards, obstacles, or other aircraft, enhancing situational awareness and allowing the RPIC to remain focused on controlling the drone and managing mission tasks.
Maintaining Visual Line of Sight
FAA regulations require drones to remain within the visual line of sight of the RPIC or a designated VO. When first-person view (FPV) technology is in use, a VO is mandatory to ensure the aircraft remains visible without the use of binoculars or other visual aids. This regulation helps prevent midair conflicts and accidental entry into restricted areas.
Situations Where a VO Is Recommended
While not required for all flights, using a VO is strongly advised in complex or congested environments, or during FPV operations. A well-positioned VO can detect approaching air traffic, unexpected obstacles, or other hazards before they become critical, giving the RPIC time to respond appropriately.
Key Responsibilities of the Visual Observer
The RPIC is responsible for ensuring the VO can maintain continuous visual contact with the drone throughout the flight. Communication between the RPIC and VO must be clear and ongoing, especially when scanning for hazards. Both team members share awareness of the drone’s position, altitude, and flight direction, as outlined in FAA regulations Part 107.31 and 107.33.
Enhancing Safety Through Team Coordination
Having a VO increases safety by expanding the crew’s ability to monitor the airspace. The VO’s focus on scanning allows the RPIC to concentrate on flight control and environmental monitoring, reducing the likelihood of overlooked threats. This coordinated approach supports safe and compliant operations.
The Importance of Crew Resource Management
Crew resource management (CRM) is essential for any drone operation involving multiple personnel. While the RPIC holds ultimate authority, the VO plays an important role in keeping the operation safe. Effective communication, role clarity, and teamwork contribute to reducing operational risks.
The Value of a Visual Observer
A visual observer can be an invaluable asset in drone operations, particularly in challenging environments or when using FPV technology. By improving situational awareness, maintaining compliance with FAA regulations, and fostering better crew coordination, a VO enhances both safety and operational efficiency.
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